Thursday, November 30, 2017

Grammatical Unit: Phrase


Phrase is a grammatical unit above word constructed by using a structure of modification. It consist of an obligatory head-word that is optionally preceded by its pre-modifiers, and followed by its post-modifiers. Phrase, based on their functions in building the higher units, are classified into: noun phrase (NP), verb phrase (VP), adjective phrase (adj. p.), adverb phrase (adv. p.), and preposition phrase (pp.). For examples:
-A beautiful girl (NP)
-will not come (VP)
-extremely tired (adj. p.)
-very beautifully (adv. p.)
-in the morning (pp.)
When several kinds of pre-modifier are used together before a noun-head, the question of order arises. The table below gives some guidance about th order:

Determinative, etc. Adjectives of Quality Size, Age, Shape, Length, etc.            Color Origin or Nationally Noun or Gerund Noun-Head
A veryvaluableold
Swissgoldwatch
A
longbrownAmericanleatherbelt
A reallynaturalhighredChinesebrickwall
Quite anattractivetriangulargreen
Cape-Colonystamp
Thosesmart, up to date
brownItaliansnakeskinshoes
Somesour
greenAustralianeatingapple
Several
largered
picklingcabbage
Her
small, roundpink

face
A veryusefuloblong

tinbox
Apretty
purpleIndiansilkdress
The first ten verydifficult


chemistrytests
My firstserious


automobileaccident

Note that when a noun-head is modified by another noun or gerund, the modifying noun or gerund immediately precedes the noun-head; then if it is also modified by an adjective that denotes origin, the modifying adjectives precedes the modifying noun or gerund; and that if there is an adjective that denotes color, this precedes the modifying adjective that denotes origin. Adjectives that denote a quality usually precede those that denote size, age, shape, length, etc.

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