Grammatical Unit: Phrase

Phrase is a grammatical unit above word constructed by using a structure of modification. It consist of an obligatory head-word that is optionally preceded by its pre-modifiers, and followed by its post-modifiers. Phrase, based on their functions in building the higher units, are classified into: noun phrase (NP), verb phrase (VP), adjective phrase (adj. p.), adverb phrase (adv. p.), and preposition phrase (pp.). For examples:
-A beautiful girl (NP)
-will not come (VP)
-extremely tired (adj. p.)
-very beautifully (adv. p.)
-in the morning (pp.)
When several kinds of pre-modifier are used together before a noun-head, the question of order arises. The table below gives some guidance about th order:

Determinative, etc.	Adjectives of Quality	Size, Age, Shape, Length, etc.	Color	Origin or Nationally	Noun or Gerund	Noun-Head
A very	valuable	old		Swiss	gold	watch
A		long	brown	American	leather	belt
A really	natural	high	red	Chinese	brick	wall
Quite an	attractive	triangular	green		Cape-Colony	stamp
Those	smart, up to date		brown	Italian	snakeskin	shoes
Some	sour		green	Australian	eating	apple
Several		large	red		pickling	cabbage
Her		small, round	pink			face
A very	useful	oblong			tin	box
A	pretty		purple	Indian	silk	dress
The first ten very	difficult				chemistry	tests
My first	serious				automobile	accident

Note that when a noun-head is modified by another noun or gerund, the modifying noun or gerund immediately precedes the noun-head; then if it is also modified by an adjective that denotes origin, the modifying adjectives precedes the modifying noun or gerund; and that if there is an adjective that denotes color, this precedes the modifying adjective that denotes origin. Adjectives that denote a quality usually precede those that denote size, age, shape, length, etc.

Grammatical Unit: Word

Grammar is a scientific study of rules for combining the lowest grammatical unit (words) into the higher unit above it (phrase), phrases into caluses, and calauses into sentence.

WORD

Word is the lowest unit of grammar forming vocabulary. Words, based on their function in building the higher units, are classified into; noun (N). verb (V), adjectives (adj.), adverb (adv.), preposition (prep,), etc. which are called parts of speech. These are the eight parts of speech with their abbreviations, definitions, and example:

Parts of Speech(abbrevations)	Definitions	Examples
Noun (N)	a person, animal, place or thing	man, dog, hotel, car, water, etc.
Pronoun (pron.)	a word that replaces a noun	I, he, it, someone, anybody, etc.
Adejctives (adj.)	a word that describe a noun	beautiful girl, good student, etc.
Verb (V)	a word that is a state of being or an action	It means nothing. I feel good.
Adverb (adv.)	a word that describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverbs	Suzy drives carefully. Susana is really beautiful. He speaks English very well
Preposition (prep.)	a word that shows a relationship between two things	the book on the table the girl in blue-jean trousers
Conjunction (conj.)	a word that connects two phrases	Come here and bring me coffee. Suzy was sleeping when I came
Interjection (interj.)	a word that represents some sort of exclamations	Wow! That's an amazing story. Gee! Your car really beautiful.

Other important grammar terms to know are auxiliary (aux.) and articles (art.).